Both these rebels and their successors, who came together to form the Holy Spirit Movement (HSM) of Alice Auma “Lakwena”, received massive popular support in the north and thus seemed to act on behalf of an Acholi population that was both alarmed by and angry at the new Museveni regime.įear of national marginalisation by a government they perceived to be dominated by western Ugandans, as well as resentment against what they believed were NRM- sponsored atrocities and devastating cattle raids, were at the heart of the early insurgencies. Beginning in 1986 when Museveni captured power from General Tito Okello Lutwa, the northern war was initially a popular revolt by Okello’s ousted army troops and their numerous civilian supporters who formed the Uganda People’s Democratic Army (UPDA). Furthermore, the war has displaced over 1.4 million people and all but completely destroyed northern Uganda’s economic base, agriculture. The most protracted of these conflicts has been the ongoing war in northern Uganda, which lasted nearly two decades, encompassed five different rebellions and caused hundreds of thousands of deaths in districts from Adjumani to Soroti. Conflict and violence have plagued much of Uganda since independence, from Idi Amin’s military coup in 1971 to the 14 insurgencies since Yoweri Museveni’s National Resistance Army/Movement (NRA/M) took power in 1986. Hundreds of people were killed in the rebellion against the Ugandan government, and an estimated 400,000 people were left homeless. Northern Uganda had suffered from civil unrest since the early 1980s.
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